Case Study _ Government Budget _Class 12_MCRO Economics

 

Class 12
Macro Economics
Chapter Government Budget

Note - The case study can also be studied under statistics analysis

The income tax department had collected Rs 9.51 lakh crore during the same period a year ago.

Net direct tax collection grew 18.3 percent to about Rs 11.25 lakh crore as of October 10 this fiscal, government data showed on Friday.

The mop-up includes personal income tax collection of Rs 5.98 lakh crore and corporate tax collection of Rs 4.94 lakh crore. Securities Transaction Tax (STT) stood at Rs 30,630 crore, while other taxes (including equalization levy and gift tax) earned Rs 2,150 crore.

The income tax department had collected Rs 9.51 lakh crore during the same period a year ago.

Refunds worth Rs 2.31 lakh crore were issued between April 1 and October 10, a growth of 46 per cent.

On a gross basis, direct tax collection grew 22.3 per cent to Rs 13.57 lakh crore. The collection includes PIT (personal income tax) of Rs 7.13 lakh crore and corporate tax of Rs 6.11 lakh crore.

The government has budgeted to collect Rs 22.07 lakh crore in the current fiscal from direct taxes.

What was the net direct tax collection as of October 10 this fiscal year?

a) Rs 9.51 lakh crore

b) Rs 11.25 lakh crore

c) Rs 13.57 lakh crore

d) Rs 22.07 lakh crore

Answer: b) Rs 11.25 lakh crore

 

What was the personal income tax collection as of October 10 this fiscal?

a) Rs 7.13 lakh crore

b) Rs 5.98 lakh crore

c) Rs 6.11 lakh crore

d) Rs 9.51 lakh crore

Answer: b) Rs 5.98 lakh crore

 

By what percentage did net direct tax collection grow as of October 10 this fiscal?

a) 18.3%

b) 22.3%

c) 46%

d) 13%

Answer: a) 18.3%

 

What was the amount collected through Securities Transaction Tax (STT) as of October 10 this fiscal?

a) Rs 5.98 lakh crore

b) Rs 7.13 lakh crore

c) Rs 30,630 crore

d) Rs 2,150 crore

Answer: c) Rs 30,630 crore

 

What is the government's target for direct tax collection in the current fiscal?

a) Rs 11.25 lakh crore

b) Rs 13.57 lakh crore

c) Rs 22.07 lakh crore

d) Rs 9.51 lakh crore

Answer: c) Rs 22.07 lakh crore

Assertion (A): Net direct tax collection grew by 18.3% to Rs 11.25 lakh crore as of October 10 this fiscal year.

Reason (R): The increase in tax collection is primarily due to higher Securities Transaction Tax (STT) and corporate tax collections.

a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true, but R is false.

d) A is false, but R is true.

Answer: b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

 

Assertion (A): Refunds worth Rs 2.31 lakh crore were issued between April 1 and October 10, growing by 46%.

Reason (R): The increase in refunds is due to a rise in personal income tax collections.

a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

c) A is true, but R is false.

d) A is false, but R is true.

Answer: c) A is true, but R is false.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Degrees don’t fetch jobs for Indians.Case Study Class 10_11_12 CBSE_Economics

 Class 10

Class 11

Class 12

Case Study

Chapters Covered

Human Capital

Employment

Growth and Development

The high unemployment among graduates could only mean that there is a big gap between what skills individuals have amassed through education and what the industries want.

The latest Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) puts India’s unemployment rate at a 6-year low of 3.2 percent for July-June of 2023 and this has cheered policymakers and markets alike. But dig a little deeper and two disturbing trends within the labour force emerge. much of the increase in employment has come from the self-employed, not the salary class. 

Does it mean India lack job creation

A graduation degree doesn’t fetch a job for Indians and in fact, finding employment is easier at lower education levels. The unemployment rate for graduates was 13.4 percent, the highest among various education levels in 2022-23.

The high unemployment among graduates could only mean that there is a big gap between what skills individuals have amassed through education and what the industries want. 

Indians are spending on education but are not able to find jobs. Perhaps some of those who find employment do not find high quality ones, given the stagnant wages. India's world-beating GDP growth of India is also jobless growth.

Questions

Q1 How can we increase employment opportunities in India?

Q2 How can vocational training in school can help in providing employment opportunities

CASE STUDY - CLASS 10 AND CLASS 12 - MONEY AND CREDIT

 CASE STUDY - MONEY AND CREDIT CLASS 10 AND CLASS 12 

DATE 02/10/2023

Loan apps

An entire family of a couple and their two children allegedly committed suicide in Kerala a few days ago. The local media cited harassment by a loan app company as the reason why the family took the ultimate step. 

This is just another instance that shows a deeper problem in India’s unregulated small loan market.

Money lending is a lucrative business. There are RBI-regulated banks and NBFCs, cooperative banks, microfinance companies, credit societies, and then, illegal moneylenders in this trade. In this age of technology, the last category is the faceless rioter. They are everywhere around you, but you often don’t know who the people operating behind are. The key attraction that lures gullible borrowers to these apps is little or no documentation for the loan process.

Most borrowers, who fall prey to such lenders, are usually people with irregular income and low credit ratings. The credit barrier at bigger lenders are higher and the processing time is longer. For poor-quality borrowers, therefore, the easy-to-go loan apps are the most logical option. Little does the borrower realize that they are walking into death traps from where there is no return.

It’s easy to identify the threat if you spare a minute to think about the usurious rate of interest and recovery practices before drawing the money. Such apps typically don’t have any specific rule book or trained staff to manage credit operations. On default of a payment instalment, the harassment begins by shaming the borrower in front of his family members and friends. Such harassment tactics often end up in cases of extreme distress in these families.

With small finance banks, NBFCs and MFIs now expanding operations, small borrowers don’t need to walk into the death traps of illegal loan apps for fund requirements.

The Kerala incident is just one among hundreds of such cases.

Even as the government and the Reserve Bank of India has been cracking down on illegal digital lending apps over the last couple of years, the number of complaints against such apps have more than doubled to 1,062 in FY 23, the finance ministry has told the Lok Sabha. The numbers of FY22 are not strictly comparable with those of FY23, as the data is available only from November 2021 and the number of complaints stood at 263.

Late last year, the RBI had come up with the digital lending guidelines (DLG) under which only regulated entities (RE) could lend to customers and it added that the relationship should be directly between the lender and the borrower.

As per the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), the total number of cyber fraud cases, which includes frauds committed through online apps, stood at 14,007 in 2021, which is the latest available data. A sizable number of such financial frauds are never registered with either the police or the RBI.

What should you do to avoid such traps?

The first step is to stay away from any lenders that are not regulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). The regulator has a list of legal loan apps which it has shared with the government.

 Second, borrowers must report instances of harassment without delay before things take a turn for worse. Growing awareness among customers in rural centers is even more critical to prevent such cases. Stay away from such death traps.

The RBI has asked Google and Apple to stop the digital lending apps from accessing the customers' photos as well as contacts for personal loans from May 31 , 2023.

PANKAJ BHANWANI

9899971997

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Case Study -NIA-Class 12-2022-Economics-CBSE

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Case Study-National Income Accounting

Class 12

CBSE

Read the following extract and answer the following questions

India may log a growth rate of eight per cent of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in FY23, said the former Vice-Chairman of NITI Aayog Arvind Panagariya. “I am willing to go out on a limb on this”, he said. The Professor of Economics and Jagdish Bhagwati Professor of Indian Political Economy at Columbia University said his estimate shall be way above the highest assessed by any research organisation or government agency for the year. The RBI estimate is 7 per cent with “risks broadly balanced around this baseline path”, the Bank has noted.

The National Statistical Office shall release the GDP data for the second quarter on 30th November.

Answer the following questions

Define the term GDP

Difference between real GDP and nominal GDP

Can real GDP be more than nominal GDP and vice versa -Comment

Link of the complete article

 https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/india-may-log-8-growth-rate-in-real-gdp-in-fy23-says-arvind-panagariya-122110501271_1.html

For a complete mentorship help-

Contact -9899971997

Case Study -Class 09-12_Poverty_Indian Economics

 Newspaper in Education

Case Study

Class 09 - 12

Link of the article

Bogus construction workers

The above article talks about the registration of bogus construction workers and the benefit they have got in the process. It is a true example of corruption and failure of trickle down efffect

How much do you believe of it and how you can tackle these type of problems

Do comment 

Balance of Payement_Foreign Exchange_Case Study_Class 11-12_Macro Economics_CBSE

Date - 4/Aug/2022

#CBSE

#BOP

#CLASS 12

#CLASS 11

#CASE STUDY

#MACRO ECONOMICS

Link for the article-Refer to the article for answering the question

Article

Source -Hindustan Times

The message from July numbers 

Websites for reference    

https://aatmanirbharbharat.mygov.in/

It can be used to study the various schemes which can be used to develop exports for India

_________________________

https://mybs.in/2axk73t

Article by business standard

__________________________

Read the article given below followed by a discussion 

Q 1 Explain the following terms-

a)Trade deficit

b) Global Energy Prices

c) Foreign Exchange reserves

d) Macro Economy

Q 2 India export earning will continue to face headwinds-What does this mean ?

Q 3 What method do you suggest for reducing our imports and increasing exports?

For queries and suggestions and guidance in the subject  be feel free to contact me

Inflation and Statistics - Class 11/12/CBSE/Economics/Newspaper in use

Date - 20/June/21

Key Words

Inflation

Statistics

Presentation

Tabulation

Price Rise

Effect of price rise

Use of statistics

Data Analysis

Article reading

Newspaper in use